Hydraulic pump



Nov. 17,1931. `w. N. sQUlREs 1,832,668

HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed May 16. 192e 2`v sheets-sneer 1 is lY Nov. 17, 1931. 'w. N. sQulREs HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed May 1e. 192s;` 2 sheets-sneer 2 n l r 25 the pump.

Patented Nov. 17,1931 l UNITED STATES PATENT onirical WILBUB. N. soumise, oF Jornm, mssoum, AssIGNon 'commune DEEP wml. Puur COMPANY, or JorLIN, nissounr, A conomnon or mssounr mannaro rtm1 nppncationalea my 1e, 192s. '-seriai No. 278,143.

The present invention relates to pumps of the class disclosed in my copending applications, Serial No. 159,896, filed Januar 8th, 1927, and Serial No. 275,404, filed ay 5,

1928, which are operated by a pulsator or fjackat the head of the well throughhydraulic transmission. i

In working pumps of the type shown in the first above named application, two coly 10 umns of liquid are employed to drivefa mov# able piston or plunger system back and forth to make the intake and discharge strokes of the pump bypress'ureapplied alternately to the columns. 7" l -Whereas the specific form of pump which will be shown herein relates more particularly to the system wherein pressure is applied alternately'to thetwo columns, it is to be understood that) certain features of the present pump areapplicable to the type shown` in the second named application wherein pulsations of pressurefare applied only to one of the columns and static pressure is permittedto make the return stroke of Where pressure is applied alternately -to the two columns and where, as has been the `practice andis disclosed in my prior appli;

stroke, the stresses whichv must be sustained by the various parts run to a high value. It is, therefore, desirable to operate on a theory or mode of operation which will impose a ,minimum pressure on the outer column even fJthough this must be done at some increase o pressure on the inner column., 1 .The principal object of the present invention is' to provide a structure which will embody mechanism for permitting the pump to be operated on a minimum pressure vin the outer column and yet which provides a simple mechanical structure. y

The space in which a pump of this character rnust be disposed is greatly limitedl in diameter, although there is no particular limitation on endwise length. f j According to my invention I provide an additional or static plunger which is available on theupstroke of the pumping plunger, which` upstroke in the specific embodiment shown is made by applying pressure to the n outer column. Obviously the direction of.

` sure applied to the outer column. That is.

4to say, the work done by the stroke of the cation, t-he two columns are concentric, it inner column corresponds to the discharge of 9,0 is to be observed that the inner column, which employs the pipe of smaller diameter, is adapted to sustain pressures much higher than the outer column which, is contalned within the pipe of larger diameter. The

35 column contained within the inner pipe has a greater ratio of wall thickness to diameter than the ipipe around the outer column, and

in addition lthe inner pipeis to some extent relieved of excessive stress because of the hy- 40 drostatic pressure of the outer column. As

a result the inner pipe can sustain pressures much greater than are permissible ine'the outer column',v and furthermore the stret h .or yield of the inner pipe is much less 45 in the outer. column for equal pressures.

Whenit is necessary for a pump of vthis character to Work in.. a well several thousand vfeet deep, the pressures which are encounteredbecome very high.` Also due to the re- 5o; versing ofA the columns" of` liquid lfor each liquids by the pump to the head ofthe well, whereas the stroke made by the outer column corresponds tofthe suction stroke for taking liquid into the pump from the well.

' The desired result of decreasing the stresses upon the mechanism is secured by the use of my inventon, in addition to providing the 'static plunger, provides certain simplified .mechanical structuresand assemblies which Clare highly desirable in pumps of this type.

Forexample, the cylinders are' formed as the so-called static-plunger.l The pump ofV .ment is shown, and the top a pump which operates on the return stroke by static pressure only. Y

Now in order to acquaint those skilled in the art with the manner of constructing and 'operating a device embodying my invention,

I shall describe in connection with the accompanying drawings a specific embodiment of the same. In the drawings a single embodiof the pump is shown in Fig. 1A, the intermediate section in Fig. 1B and the bottom section in Fig. 1C..

-the line 5 5 of Fig. 1C; and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary diagrammatic sketch illustrating the principle o operation of my pump.

I provide an inner string of pipe 3 for defining an inner column of liquid 1 and an outer strlng of pipe 4 for deining an outer column of liquid 2. The string of pipe 3 isconnected Y through a threaded coupling 5 with a suitable slip joint 6 which comprises telescopic parts, the first ot' which includes a tubular member 7 havmg a shoulder 8 and a depending cylindrical skirt or ange .9 closely embracing the neck 10 of the flange coupling member 11, the flange 12 of which is embraced between the head 13 of the power cylinder 14, and a shoulcllgr 15 formed on an offset coupling member The string of pipe 4 is connected through a reducer coupling 17 to the oifset coupling 16, and the lower end of the offset coupling 16 1s connected by a threaded portion to the sleeve 18 lying outside of the cylinder 14. The sleeve 18 has a shoulder at 19, and the head ofthe cylinder 14 likewise has a shoulder at 21. The upper end or head 13 of the cylinder 14 abuts against the bottom of the flange 12 of the telescopic coupling member 11, and by the threaded assembly of the offset couplmg 16 'and the sleeve 1 8 these parts are held firmly together.

The inner string of pipe 3 may be raised to separate the telescopic coupling 6, and thereby to open up the upper ends of the passageways. 22 which lead down through the flange and then radially out through the side walls. l

The head of the cylinder 14 has short longitudinally extending flanges or lands 23,

'as vmay be seen from F'ig. 2, defining between then longitudinal passageways 24. The flange 12 of the telescopic coupling member l1 likewise has passageways therethrough 1,saa,ees

registering with the passageways 24 so that the outer column 2 communicates with the space 25 surrounding the cylinder 14.

' Thesleeve 18, which is preferably made ofy aklength of seamless steel tubing, is connected by a threaded coupling 26 to another sleeve member 27 like the sleeve member 18. The sleeve 27 defines the crosshead chamber 28,. Between the lower end of the sleeve 18 and a shoulder 29 on the sleeve member 27 there is clamped a guiding spider 30 which guides or radially supports the lower end of the cylinder liner 14, this liner being provided with a suitable ring cut therein to fit inside the spider.

rIhe spider is thus set radially inwardly to provide room for the formation of passageways therethrough to provide communication between the space 25 and the crosshead chamber 28.

A hollow tubular plunger 31, herein termed the power plunger or power piston, works in the bore 32 of the cylinder 14. Preferably a very close fit is provided, as by grlnding the cooperating cylindrical surfaces to a close lit. The lower end of the tubular plunger 34 is closed by a coupling 33 which is threaded over the open end of the plunger. The coupling member 33 thereby forms acap for the lower end of the tubular plunger 31, and a stud 34 which forms the lower extension of the same, is threaded into the crosshead 35. A pair of rods 36, 36 are connected to the crosshead 35y and thereby to the power plunger 31, and these rods extend on down through ,the remainder of the crosshead chamber 28 past the static cylinder 38 and connects to another crosshead member 39 to which the pumping plunger 40 is connected.

Obviously instead of two rods 36, 36 a greater number may be employed, as for example three or four, the purpose of these rodsA being to transmit the effort of one of the plungers to the others. The crosshead 39 has a recess 41, into which is threaded the lower end of the hollow tubular static plunger 42, which plays in the bore 43 of the static cylinder 38. The static cylinder'38 has a head 44 at the upper end, and similarly. a head 45 at the lower end, and this static cylinder 38 is pressed into the lower end of the sleeve section 27.

The head 44 has suitable wings or lands.4

permitting the rods 36, .36 to move freely therethrough, and likewise to provide free communication for the passage of liquid from the disbharge valve chamber 46 up to the crosshead chamber, thence through the space 25, and up to the column 2.

The lands 47, 47 Aon the sides of the static cylinder 38 extend throughout the full length of the same, whereas the lands 48 and 49 are formed only at the heads 44 and 45.

The plunger 42, like the plunger 31, 1s

ground to a close fit in the bore 43 of the static cylinder 38.' y 1 The bore of the .static cylinder communicates by 'way of a passageway 50 with the joutside of the sleeve member 27 through a small check valve io permit any fluid which may leak into the cylinder 38 to be expelled but `to prevent the drawing of any liquid into said cylinder. Thispassageway 50 extends through one of the lands 47 in the head member 44.

Th hollow pumping plunger 40 fits closely rpumping cylinder 52. TheJ head 58 of the cylinder 52 has a shoulder 59 which is en gaged by a shoulder 60 on the inner wall of the sleeve 56, and a langedcouplingmember 61 hasa shoulder 62 bearing against the lower edge of the head 58.

The flanged coupling -61 has an inwardly extending flange 63 which embraces thecyl/indrical wall 64 of an intake valve housing,

said housing having an outwardly extending flange 65 which is engaged bythe flange 63 of the coupling member 61. A space 66 between the sleeve 56 and the cylinder wall 52y defines a sediment chamber, into which scale, sand and the like, which is generally termed sediment, may gravitate and thus'be diverted from the workingl surfaces The housing 64-encloses a'cage 67 for the inlet check valve 68, a suitable removable seat y 69 being provided. A dro pipe 70 is connected to the housing 64, an a' suitable screen 71 is supported thereupon. yAn intake pipe 72 communicates with intake checkvalve 68 to conduct oil or other liquids thereto upon the suction stroke of the plunger 40.

The plunger 40 is connected by a cage member 73 to the crosshead 39, the cage 73 having a stud 74 'which is threaded into'the crosshead 39. A discharge check valve 75 is mountedv in the cage, and `between the cage and the up er end of the plunger a removable valve seat 6 is provided. f

It willl be observed that the-static cylinder 38 being pressed into the tubing section or sleeve 27, is the only part which'is not freely rotatable with respect to the piston system. That is because the rods,.36, 36 are guided through openings in the heads of the cylinder 38, and hence the movable piston Asystem must rotatevwith the sleeve 27 orremaih stationary therewith when the sleeve sections are threaded together.

the power piston 31 has a diameter of 3 inches, l

the static piston has a diameter of 21/8 inches and the pumping plunger has a diameter of, 2 inches. The outside diameterof the pump is 6 inches. These dimensions are given by way of example and not as` limiting.

It will be observed that I have made the power plunger 31 of a considerably larger diameter than the pumping plunger, and the static plunger 42 is 'of an intermediate d'iameter.

The operation4 of the pump shown herein 3 and 4 are connected to the two cylinders of a jack or pulsator, or to opposite ends of the same cylinder of a jack or pulsator,

-so that liquidis displaced under pressure alternately in thecolumns 1 and 2. Assume now that pressure is appliedk to the column 1 and released on the column 2. Thereupon the pressure of the liquid is exerted o n the full cross section of the power plunger 31,

forcing down the static plunger 42 and the' pumping `plunger 40. While no liquid is forced out of the pump by the downward movement of the pumping plunger 40, liquid is transferred from the inside of the plunger to the outside, that is, into the crosshead chamber 46, which serves as a discharge check valve chamber. However, the downward motion of the plungers 3 1 and 4 2 forces liquidup through the column 2 and causes a discharge of the same at the head of the well. The Vdownward motion of the plunger 42 is opposed only by the displacement pressure on the outside and by suction on the inside. Upon release of pressure on the columnl 1 and the application of pressure on the column 2, the reverse or upper stroke is made. j

Since hydrostatic pressure is applied to both plungers 31 and 42 to force them up wardly, and to 40 to force it downwardly,

the-resultant elect will be the algebraic sum of these actions. and since the pumping plunger 40 is smaller-in diameter than the static plunger 42, there willbe effective an upward pressure from the alegbraic sum of the pressures onthe pumping plunger 40 andthe static plunger 42, and in addition to that there will be the fullvalue of pressure uponl the vcross section of the power plunger 41. Therefore the pistonv moves upwardly. Since the suction created` by raisingthe plunger 40 is relatively small as compared with the pressures required to raise 'is as follows: Assuming that the pipe strings loo liquid from the well to the head of the well,

it can be seen that the return or suction stroke is made quite easily, that is, without requir ing the exertion of very much pressure in the column 2. Also to whatever extent suction prevails in the static cylinder this 'tends to assist, in raising the plunger system.

i Itwill' be observed that the upper plunger 55 In the speciic embodimentherein shown, 31, which is the power plunger, 1s hollow andy iso has a sharp conical upper edge leading into the interiorof the same, thereby to dislodge sediment from the bore 32 and divert it into the sediment chamber 7 8 which isr formed on the inside of the power plunger 31.

Similarly if any sediment should' find its way into the static cylinder 38, the same will gravitate into the sediment chamber 79 formed in the plunger 4Q. The plunger likewise has at its upper end an inwardly tapered shoulder to scrape any sediment from the walls and divert it into the sediment chamber 79. Any sediment which might stick to the outside of the power plunger 31 when the same is extended from the power cylinder 14 is scraped off by the sharp conical lower edge of said cylinder 14, and the same then tends to drop by gravity downwardly and may lodge in the sediment pocket 66 formed between the lower or pumping cylinder 52 and its side wall 56. c

It will be apparent from the above description that the pump of my invention may omit the static cylinder and its plunger where the required pressure for making the return stroke is not too great, said pressure acting upon the differencein area between the power plunger and the pumping plunger, to make the up-stroke.

ll do not intend to be limited to the details shown or described except as hereafter recited in the claims.

It will be observed also that while I have shown a hollow Atubular pumping plunger carrying its own discharge check valve and this is the preferred construction, it is not essential that the workin element of the pump be hollow, that is, con Yain the discharge passageway, as obviously the hollow feature may be dispensed with and the pump cylinder constructed in any preferred manner known in the art.

Certain of the details of construction arel new and may be employed independently of other features or combinations of the pump, and I am, therefore, laying claim to the same.

I claim: p Y f i i 1. In a device of the class described, the combinationof a differential hydraulic motor, a hydraulic pump having a piston memf ber and a valved discharge passageway, said differential` motor comprising a vpower cyllinder and a static cylinder, the power cylinder being open at both ends and the static cylinder being open at one end only, pistons f for said cylinders connected together and to said pump piston, and meansidefining a pair ,i

of hydraulic columns, one of the columnsV communicating only with one end of the pwer cylinder, the other column communicating with theopposite endsof the power cylinder,

f with the open end .of thevstatic cylinder and with the discharge passagewa of the pump. 2. In a pump ofthe type w erein liquid is pumped by reciprocatingtwo liquid pressure columns and imparting an upward driftto at least one of the columns, the combination of an outer cylindrical shell comprising a plurality of sections and defining at least a portion of one of the columns, a removable power cylinder mounted in one of the sections and communicating with one of said columns, a removable pumping cylinder mounted in another one of the sections and communicating under predetermined conditions with the other column, and a static cylinder fixedly mounted in an intermediate section, said cylinders being held in alinement, pistons for the cylinders. and connections ,between the pistons to cause them to move in unison.

3. In combination, an outer sectional cylindrical casing defining a portion of a discharge column, a string of tubing connected to the same at one end and an intake check valve connected thereto at the ,other end, a removable power cylinder liner mounted in a section adjacent the attachment of the string of tuloing and communicating with the hereinafter mentioned power column, a removable pump cylinder liner mounted in the section ad] acent the intake check valve and communicating under predetermined conditions with the discharge column, a static cylinder mounted in an intermediate section of the casing and being fixed in position therein, a strin of tubing connected to the adjacent end oft e power cylinder and lying inside the first string of tubing and defining a power column, a power plunger in the power cylinder, a pumping plunger `in the pumping cylinder, and a plunger in the static cylinder, and connections between said plungers `includin rods lying radially outside thefstatic cylin er.

4. In a device of the class described, an outer cylindrical casin built up of a'plurality of sections and efinin a portion of a discharge column, a remova le power ycylinder liner mounted in the uppermost section, al string of tubing communicating only with the upper end of the cylinder liner and defining a power column, a second strin of tubing surrounding the first string oftu ing and connected to the upper end of the casing a removable pump/cylinder liner mounted in the lower end of the casing and closing off the lower end thereof, an intake check' valve housing communicating with the lower end of 'the pump cylinder liner, a tubular pumping lunger carrying a discharge check valve and being nounted in the pumping cylinder liner, and a power plunger mounted in the power cylinderand connected tothe pumping plunger, said discharge check valve establishing communication between the pumping cylinder and the discharge column.

5.'In afpum of the class described, the combination lo anouter tubular shell section, a removable cylinder liner therein, said shell being counterbored tof/provide a shoulder, the cylinder liner having at one end an Lacasse f neck. v

6. In combination, a tubular casing section threaded at each'end and having a counterbore at one end, a removable cylinder liner havmg a iange seated inthe counterbore. and having a reduced vneck at the opposite end, a flanged tubular member adjacent the flanged end of the cylinder liner, a threaded coupling member holding said flanged tubular member endwise in alinement with the cylinder liner, a circular spider embracing the neck at the end of the liner andA bearing radially against the inner walls of the casing section, and an adjacent casing section threaded to the first casing section clamping the spider in fixed position.` A

7 In a pump of the class described,` the combination of-a tubular easing section having a counterbore at one end, said casing section being threaded at each end, a cylinder liner having a iiange seated in said counterbore, a flanged tubular member lying endwise in alinem'ent with the flanged end of the cylinder liner, the flange'of the cylinder -liner ,being slotted to provide longitudinal passageways, a string of tubing connectedrto the tubular member, a threaded coupling member threaded into one end ofthe casing section and holding the` flange of the tubular member` in engagement with the flange of the c linder liner, the flange of the-tubular mem er being slotted to provide passageways in alinement with the passa eways throughv the flange of the liner and a second stringof tubing surrounding the first string-of tubin and connectedto said couplingmember an communicating through vsaid aligned passageways with the remote end of the cylinderlner. v

8. In combination, alower tubular casing section threaded at each end and having av v counterbore-at its lower end,-a.pump cy der liner having av flange lying within said counterbore, an intake valvehousing having a flange lyin against the flan e of the liner, and-a threa ed coupling mem er embracing the flange of the housing and threaded upon the lower end of the casing section `and holding the housing, the liner and the casing section in assembly. t

` 9. In combination, a tubular casing section, a cylinder member closely fitting and held within said casing section, said cylinder member havin abore opening downwardly and closed at its upper en d, a plurality of longitudinal guides extendlng longitudinall of the cylinder member and lying within thecasing'section, a cylindrical ston member lying within the bore of` e cylinder member, a crosshead connected to the lower end of the piston member, and rods disposed in siid guides and connected to said'crossi ea r l V10. In combination, a pump comprising a sectional tubular casing, an outer strin of tubing connected to the casing at one en an intake valve housing connected'to' the casing at the other end, a removable power cylinder liner'mounted in the casing at the upper end, an inner string of tubing communicating with the upper end of the power cylinder liner, a piston in said cylinder'liner, a pump- I ing cylinder-liner removably mounted in the lower end of the casingand having its lower end opening into the intake valve housing, a tubular pumping plunger mounted in said latter cylinder liner carrying a discharge check Valve, a crosshead'connected to the pumping plunger, a crosshead connected to the power plunger, androds connecting said crossheads.

11. In combination, a tubular sectional casing-defining a discharge column, an outer string of tubing connected to the upper en d'of said casing, an intake check valve housing connected to the lower end 'ofthe casing, a

removable pumping cylinder liner having. a Y

' bore communicating with the intake check ,valve housing and closing off the lower end als ofthe casing, a pumping plunger carrying a Adischarge check valve working in the bore of the pumping cylinder rliner and establishing communlcatipn between the pumping cylinder and the discharge column, a power cylinder liner vmounted -in the upperfend of the' casing,L an inner string of tubing` communieating only with the upper end. of the power cylinder hner and dening a power column, the power cylinder liner having passageways between itselr` and the casing, astatic cylinder mounted in a section intermediate the aforesaid sections of the casing, a power plunger in the power cylinder liner, a static plunger in the static cylinder, sa1d static yplunger being acted upon by the discharge column, and connecting rods extending along, the sides of the static kcylinder for connecting all of said plungers together. y

12. In a ump of the type wherein liquid is pumped ycreciprocating -two liquid pressure columns and imparting an upward drift l to atleast one of the columns; a tubular sectional casing comprising an uppermost 'section, a power 'cylinder liner 'mountedin said section and readily removable therefrom and communicating with one of said columns, a static cylinder section having a static cylinder permanently mounted in the lower. end

in the lower end of the same and communicating under predetermined conditions with the other column.

13. In a pump of the class described, the combination of a sectional tubular casing comprising four sections threaded together, an outer string of tubing connected to the upper end of the first section, a power cylinder removably mounted in the upper end 0f said first section, a static cylinder fixedly mounted in the lower end of the second section and a pumping cylinder removably mounted in the fourth section and communieating with the hereinafter mentioned discharge column under predetermined conditions, an intake valve communicating with the lower end of the pumping cylinder, plungers for said cylinders, connections for the plungers, and an inner string of tubing communicating only with the upper end of the power cylinder and defining a power column, the space between the inner and outer string of tubing comprising a discharge column, the pump cylinder communicating with the discharge column and the static plunger being acted upon by said discharge column.

14. In a pump, an outer sectional shell, a cylinder liner spaced from the wall of the shell and having a radial extension at one end, said radial extension being clamped between sections of the shell, and a spider lying between the other end of the liner and the walls of the shell, said radial extension and said spider having longitudinal passageways communicating with the space between the liner and the shell.

15. In a pump vof the type wherein liquid is pumped by reciprocating two liquid pressure columns and impart-ing an upward drift to at least one of the columns, an outer shell" defining one-of the columns, a power cylinder liner mounted in the shell'and constituting i the lower terminal ofthe other of said columns, said liner opening into the shell at its lower end only, a static cylinder mountedin the central art of the shell and having'its upper end c osed off from and its lower end opening into the shell, a pumping cylinder in the lower end of the shell having its upper end opening into the shell and its lower end communicatin with the outside of the shell, said communication including an intake check valve, a tubular pumping plunger in the last named cylinder discharging int-o the shell, a piston for the static cylinder and a.

piston for the power cylinder, said pistons being coupled together and connected to said plunger.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe i my name this 12th day of Ma WILBUR N.

sourires. 

